Kumamoto Grower: Wild-Grass Compost Cut Tomato Wilt

0:00 Please do it in Korean. In my country, Japan, there was a big earthquake this year. This is where I live,

한국말로 해주세요. 私の日本で今年大きい地震がありました。 ここが私の住んでいるところで、

0:51 and from here, going this way, this is where the earthquake hit hardest. Mashiki, Mashiki: this is where it was worst. Where I live, the sea is right behind us. It has one of the best climates in Japan, a growing area well suited to farming. Now I will give my report.

ここからこっちに向かって、 ここが一番ひどい地震の場です。 益城、益城、ここが一番ひどい… 私の住んでいる 後ろは海です。 日本でも一番気候がいい 農業に適した産地です。 それでは今から私のご報告をします。

1:38 This is the town where I live. It is called Shiranui. In my area there are greenhouses, and over here citrus, oranges. This is my tomato greenhouse.

これは私の住んでいる町で、不知火町といいます。 私の地域ではハウス、それからこっちで柑橘、オレンジがあります。 これは私のトマトのハウスです。

2:28 We plant from August, September and October. It is an ordinary greenhouse, the common kind in Japan. Today I practice natural farming and also hold organic JAS (organic) certification.

8月、9月、10月から植え付けを行っています。 普通、日本で一般的にあるハウスです。 私は今、自然農業をやりながら有機JAS、オーガニックの認証をとってやっています。

3:14 [Interpreter] He practices natural farming and holds organic certification. Fifteen years ago I set up a company. Today the business is mainly tomatoes. The natural farming I learned from Master Cho,

자기가 지금 자연농업을 해 오면서 유기농업 인증을 받고 있습니다. 今から15年前に会社を作りました。 それから、今トマトをメインに経営をしています。 このチョ先生から学んだ自然農業を、

4:00 I hold workshops to spread its techniques in Japan, through the farmers' co-op (JA). My soil building is bokashi fertilizer and compost made from wild grasses, natural grasses. [Interpreter] To build his soil, he takes wild grasses from along the river…

日本で、農協に技術を広げるために研修会を行っています。 私の土作りは、ボカシ肥料と、あと堆肥で、野草ですね、自然の草。 자기가 토양을 만들기 위해서 하천에서 흘러내려 오는…

4:49 [Interpreter] He ages reeds and other wild grasses for three years. When he applies this low-nitrogen compost, the crops grow more white roots and their vitality is strong. Soil-borne disease drops, and he finds the produce has good taste and aroma. This is wild grass cut this year. [Interpreter] This is wild grass cut this year.

갈대 같은 야초를 3년 동안 숙성시켜서, 질소 성분이 적은 퇴비를 시용하면 작물의 흰 뿌리가 많아지고 생명력이 왕성해집니다. 그래서 토양병해가 적어지고, 맛도 좋고 향도 좋은 것을 실감하고 있습니다. これが今年刈り取った野草です。 이것이 올해 베어 온 야초입니다.

5:34 It takes three years to finish. [Interpreter] It is finished in three years. This is wild grass in its second full year. After about two years it has nearly turned to soil. I came to use this compost because in Japan, twice a year, in spring and autumn, grass cutting is done:

3年で出来上がります。 3년 만에 완성이 됩니다. これが丸2年目の野草ですね。 大体2年になるともう、ほぼ土の状態になります。 私がこの堆肥を入れるようになったのは、日本では年に2回、春と秋に 草刈りを

6:21 the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, the national government, cuts the grass twice. [Interpreter] In Japan the state cuts the grass in spring and autumn. It becomes industrial waste. So I get it free of charge and put it to good use. This is very important.

国交省、国が2回草を切る。 일본에서는 봄과 가을에 국가적으로 풀을 벱니다. これは産業廃棄物になっています。 だから、それを無償でいただいて、大事にしています。これはとても大事です。

7:15 The roots of this plant growing into the compost are white, without a single sign of damage. [Interpreter] The roots in this compost are white, with no sign of disease at all. For the compost I put on the fields where I grow crops, I try to use something as close to nature as possible. [Interpreter] He tries to put compost on his fields that is as close to nature as possible.

この堆肥につながっているこの植物の根っこが白くて、一つも害がない。 이 퇴비에 붙어 있는 식물의 뿌리가 하얗고 조금도 병든 기색이 없습니다. 私は、作物を育てる圃場に入れる堆肥は、できるだけ自然に近いものを入れようと思っています。 자기는 밭에 투입하는 퇴비는 자연과 가까운 것을 쓰려고 합니다.

8:04 These are the materials for the bokashi fertilizer I make. First, from the sea: crab, then fish. [Interpreter] In the materials he makes there are shrimp, crab, [Interpreter] shells and so on, which he puts to use. From the land: rapeseed oil cake. [Interpreter] From the land: rapeseed cake and rice bran. Rice bran, the easiest thing to get in Japan.

私の作っているボカシ肥料の材料です。 まず海のものは、カニ、それから魚、フィッシュ。 그리고 자기가 만드는 재료에는 새우, 꽃게, 껍질 등을 활용해서 쓰고 있습니다. 地上のものは、 菜種油かす。 지상의 것은 유채박하고 쌀겨. 日本で一番手に入る米ぬか。

8:53 Then bone meal, that is, animal. Then soil. Roughly, the ratio is 40% rice bran and 40% red soil, so 80% of the whole is bran and soil. [Interpreter] So 40% is rice bran, 40% red clay soil, and the other 20% is shrimp, crab, guano phosphate, fish meal and oyster shell. This is where I make the fertilizer.

それから骨粉、アニマルですね。それから土。 大体割合はこの米ぬか4割、赤土4割、全体の8割をぬかと土にする。 그래서 그 안에 40%가 쌀겨, 40%가 황토, 나머지 20%가 새우나 게나 구아노 인산이나 어분이나 굴 껍질입니다. これは肥料を作るところですけれども、

9:41 [Interpreter] This is the floor of the building where he makes bokashi. The floor is soil; underneath here is soil. [Interpreter] The floor is made of clay, not concrete. For me, the basis of making these materials is living things, so the best is soil. Here I am strict about making it on soil. Because on a concrete floor microbial activity drops, [Interpreter] instead of a concrete floor, he has made a clay-soil floor and uses that.

이것은 보카시를 만드는 건물의 바닥인데, 床は土で、この下は土で、 콘크리트가 아니고 점토로 바닥을 만들어 가고 있습니다. 僕は、資材を作る基本は生き物ですから、一番いいのは土。 この場所は土の上で作るということを徹底しています。 コンクリート床だと微生物の活動が下がるので、 콘크리트 바닥이 아니고 점질토로 바닥을 만들어 가지고 활용하고 있습니다.

10:32 It is mostly done in about 25 to 30 days. And the materials I make from natural things are mostly whatever is in season: bamboo shoots, [Interpreter] Seaweed, then mugwort and so on: he extracts the liquid with brown sugar, adds brown rice vinegar and seawater, and sprays it on the crops regularly.

約25日から30日で大体出来上がっています。 それから自然のもので作っている資材は、 だいたい時期時期の、タケノコ 바다풀, 그 다음에 쑥 등으로 만든 액을 흑설탕으로 추출해서, 거기다가 현미식초와 바닷물을 넣어서 정기적으로 작물에 살포하고 있습니다.

11:36 [Interpreter] In the April earthquake this year, it all broke. This is how I spray it on the tomatoes now. [Interpreter] Takenoko, kaisō, seri, yomogi, akebi… To make the activated liquid, he extracts bamboo shoots, seaweed, Japanese parsley (dropwort), mugwort, akebi and so on with brown sugar, mixes in brown rice vinegar, seawater and the like, and sprays it on the crops regularly.

올해 4월 지진으로 모두 깨져 버렸습니다. 今、このようにしてトマトに散布をしています。 타케노코, 카이소, 세리, 요모기, 아케비… 그 다음 활성액을 만드는 것은 죽순, 바다풀, 미나리, 쑥, 으름 등의 액을 흑설탕으로 추출해서 현미식초, 바닷물 등을 혼합해 가지고 정기적으로 작물에 살포하고 있습니다.

12:27 When we grow crops, there are some organic materials we use. This is a biological pesticide that holds down whitefly, the biggest tomato problem in Japan. And this is a BT product for caterpillars that eat the plants. [Interpreter] In Japan, many organic-approved materials are now on the market. [Interpreter] Among them are ones that control whitefly and green caterpillars.

私たちが農作物を作るときに、有機、オーガニックの資材がいくつかあります。 これはトマトで一番日本で問題になっているコナジラミを抑える生物農薬です。 それからこれは食害する青虫等に使うBT剤。 일본에서는 유기농 허용 자재가 많이 나오고 있습니다. 그중에 가루이, 그리고 또 청벌레, 이런 것들 잡는 그런 것들도 나와 있습니다.

13:23 This one, for tomatoes, is for powdery mildew and mites. It is sulfur, natural sulfur. [Interpreter] He uses it against powdery mildew and mites, which are common on tomatoes. When diseases like these break out on the tomatoes, I use these organic-approved materials. [Interpreter] So when the tomatoes get sick, he treats them with these materials. I'll move along. This is how the greenhouses are built.

これはトマトでいうと、うどんこ病、あとダニ。イオウです。天然のイオウです。 토마토에 많이 나는 흰가루병이나 응애에 활용하고 있습니다. こういったトマトに発病する病気が出た場合は、こういう有機、オーガニックの許容系の資材を使っています。 그래서 토마토에 병이 났을 경우에 이런 자재로 방제하고 있습니다. これはどんどん進めていきます。ハウスの造りですね。

14:18 In our area the water table is high. Because the groundwater is high, we bury pipes in the field and force the groundwater out. [Interpreter] The area he farms has a high water table, [Interpreter] which damages the crops, so [Interpreter] he pumps out the groundwater [Interpreter] and draws it off through drain pipes. Next. Where we are, we have snails that eat weeds.

私たちのところの地域は地下水が高い。地下の水が、地下水が高いから、 あの、圃場内にパイプを 埋め込んで、強制的に地下水を外に出しています。 자기가 지금 짓고 있는 지역은 지하수가 높기 때문에 작물에 피해를 주기 때문에 지하수를 뽑아서 배수관으로 이동시켜서 뽑아내고 있습니다. それから今度は 一応、私たちのところには草を食べるタニシがいます。

15:08 [Interpreter] In his area there are snails that eat the weeds. Weeds, the biggest problem: the snails eat them all clean for us. [Interpreter] So the snails take care of the weeds, the biggest headache. No weeding is needed. And now onions: in the greenhouse we first harvest onions, then grow tomatoes after them.

그러니까 자기 지역에는 풀을 먹는 우렁이가 있습니다. 一番問題になっている草対策は、そのタニシがみんなきれいに食べてくれます。 그래서 가장 골치 아픈 잡초 문제는 우렁이가 해결하고 있습니다. 제초는 필요 없습니다. それから今、タマネギ、オニオン、ハウスで、まず収穫、その後にトマトを栽培しています。

15:55 [Interpreter] So before the tomatoes he plants onions; the onions are in now, [Interpreter] and after they finish, he plants tomatoes. My fields are in two places: near the sea, and near the mountains. [Interpreter] The tomato fields he farms [Interpreter] are in two places, near the sea and near the mountains. The hardest problem with tomatoes is soil-borne disease.

그래서 토마토 전작에는 양파를 심어 가지고 지금 양파가 심어져 있는데 그게 끝난 다음에 토마토를 심게 됩니다. 私のこの圃場は 大きく場所が2つありまして、 海に近いところ、それから山に近いところ。 자기가 재배하는 토마토 밭은 바다에 가까운 곳과 산에 가까운 곳, 두 곳이 있습니다. トマトで一番難題なのは、土壌病害です。

16:43 [Interpreter] In growing tomatoes, the biggest problem is [Interpreter] soil-borne disease. And this bacterial wilt, the kinds called J1 and J3, is the biggest problem. With this wild-grass compost and bokashi fertilizer, bacterial wilt has dropped a great deal. Around here. This is a mini tomato, the tomato I'm growing now. Planted in August, and we are harvesting now.

토마토 재배에서 가장 문제인 게 토양병입니다. あと、J1、J3というこの青枯れが一番問題です。 この野草堆肥とボカシ肥料で 青枯れがだいぶ少なくなりました。 この辺りです。これはミニトマト、これは今栽培しているトマトです。 8月に植え付けて、今収穫しています。

17:35 [Interpreter] Planted in August, now being harvested. In Japan, growing organically at this time of year is very hard. [Interpreter] It is the hardest season in Japan to grow organically, [Interpreter] but he is doing it. [Interpreter] Over ten years, I secured my own seed, saved from my own plants. Because of this, I can now ship organic tomatoes from September to November, when they are scarcest in Japan.

8월에 심어서 지금 수확하고 있습니다. 日本で、いかにオーガニックで作るのは、非常にこの時期は難しい。 일본에서 유기로 재배하기가 가장 어려운 시기인데, 자기는 그걸 하고 있습니다. 그래서 나는 10년간을 통해 가지고 종자를 자가채종 종자로 확보를 했습니다. このことができたことで、9月から11月、日本で一番少ない時期にオーガニックで出荷できるようになりました。

18:28 [Interpreter] That way he can ship in August, September and October, the hardest months for shipping in Japan. Then this: in winter it gets cold. This is a woody-biomass heater fueled with wood chips. [Interpreter] This is the heating boiler. Winters are cold, so it is a wood-fired boiler, and he controls the temperature with it.

그렇게 해서 일본에서는 가장 출하가 어려운 8월, 9월, 10월에 출하가 될 수 있는 환경이 만들어졌습니다. それから、これは冬、寒くなります。 これが木質バイオマス、木質のチップを燃料にした 이것은 가온기 보일러입니다. 겨울에 춥기 때문에 나무를 활용한 보일러입니다. 그것으로 온도를 조절하고 있습니다.

19:21 [Interpreter] He now does both production and processing. And we now host all kinds of visits: farm corporations, universities, companies. [Interpreter] Many people come. And this is exchange with consumers from the cities, Tokyo and Osaka. We open up the farm

이제 자기는 생산과 가공을 하고 있습니다. それから、いろいろ今、農業法人、大学、企業とか、いろいろな視察の受け入れを行っています。 많은 사람들이 찾아오고 있습니다. それから、これは都市、東京、大阪の消費者との交流をしています。 それから、いろんな農場を開放して、

20:09 and invite all kinds of consumers to our farm. [Interpreter] So he invites many kinds of consumers to his group's farms. We now take in young Japanese high school students and train them. [Interpreter] He takes in many students from colleges and high schools [Interpreter] and trains them, developing people. Finally,

そしていろいろな消費者を我々の農場に招いています。 그래서 다양한 소비자들을 자기들 조직의 농장에 초대를 하고 있습니다. 今、若い日本のハイスクールの学生を今いろいろと受け入れて育てています。 무수한 전문대학이나 고등학교 학생들을 데려다가 훈련을 시켜서 인재를 양성하고 있습니다. 最後になりますけれども、

20:57 what matters most now, I believe, is how we raise the next generation. Young people who trained at my home and are starting to farm: I keep raising more and more of them. Really taking the training, doing hands-on farm work, [Interpreter] Having young people train at his home, do hands-on work and become independent farmers is a major focus for him.

今、一番大切なことは いかに次の世代を育てるかというふうに思っています。 …私の家で研修して農業を始めている 青年たちをどんどん育てています。実際に研修を受けて、実地の農作業を 자기 집에서 훈련을 받고 실습을 해서 자립하는 농가를 늘려 가는 것을 상당히 중요한 초점으로 잡고 있습니다.

21:46 Through this work, our produce has taken root with consumers in Tokyo, Osaka and Nagoya. [Interpreter] So the produce they grow is becoming established in Tokyo, Osaka and Nagoya. And lastly: Kumamoto had an earthquake this year, but to spread our way of farming, the Governor of Kumamoto Prefecture has agreed to support us.

この取り組みで、東京、大阪、名古屋で私たちの農産物が消費者に定着しています。 그래서 도쿄, 오사카, 나고야 지역에 우리가 생산하는 농산물이 거의 정착되어 가고 있습니다. それから最後に、熊本は今年地震がありましたが、 私たちの農業を広げていくということで、 熊本県知事が支援をしてくれることになりました。

22:38 [Interpreter] They suffered badly in the earthquake, but seeing how natural farming held up, the Kumamoto governor promised support. So the first organic produce shipping center will be completed in my area this month. [Interpreter] So an organic produce shipping center for the Kumamoto area [Interpreter] has been moved to a site with equipment, and the facility is complete. Let's all enjoy natural farming. [Interpreter] Please enjoy natural farming. Thank you.

지진으로 굉장히 어려움을 당했는데, 자연농업이 선전하는 걸 보고서 구마모토 현의 지사가 지원을 하겠다고 약속을 했답니다. それで、第1号の有機農産物の出荷場を今月、私の地域に完成させます。 그래서 구마모토 지역에 유기농산물의 출하장을 장비가 있는 곳으로 옮겨서 시설이 완성됐답니다. 自然農業を皆さんで楽しみましょう。 자연농업을 여러분들이 즐거워해 주십시오. ありがとうございました。

23:26 [Interpreter] Thank you.

감사합니다.