Seed Milk, Not Cow's Milk: The Seed Soak and Weaning Feed
Master Cho Han-kyu, interpreted by Kim Chang, Founder of Korean Natural Farming (Janong)
Spoken in Korean. Translated to English and checked line by line.
Video of this visit will be added to the members' archive. The transcript times below match that recording.
Cho walks the first stages of the rice chart: sprouting February 12, weaning March 12. A seed grows on its own seed milk, so base fertilizer is like raising a baby on cow's milk; raise seedlings in poor soil. When the milk runs out, start feeding, beginning with Fuel (FAA). Then he puts up the prescription handout and the seed soak and Type 2 columns are read out, with two errors in the English copy caught; Dr. Park ends on the Mineral products and clay jars.
What they found
What does a seedling live on before you feed it, and what goes into the seed soak and the first feeding?
The rice chart (DJSS5255) is projected. At about 1:00:50 Cho draws a rice seed on the flip chart, the germ (씨눈) and the seed milk (씨젖). At about 1:09:30 he writes at March 12 on the flip chart: '? + FAA + FPJ + PCa + OHN (mugwort, watercress)', the first term overwritten. From about 1:14:15 the Korean prescription handout (XFLH5606) is projected and the interpreter reads the seed and seedling column and the Type 2 column aloud; the first column (soil foundation) is not read. Every number read out matches the photo of the handout.
- Seed and seedling treatment (종자·종묘처리), soak then plant — Read aloud by the interpreter off the handout; all match the photo: 1) brown rice vinegar (Cleanser, BRV) 1:500; 2) Food (FPJ) of mugwort or water dropwort 1:500; 3) Medicine (OHN) 1:1000; 4) Fuel (FAA) 1:1000, in parentheses on the handout; 5) Structure (WCP) 1:1000; 6) malt (맥아, 엿질금) 1:500, read out only as 'Mega'; 7) yeast (효모, 미생물) 1:500; 8) seawater 1:20–25; 9) Mineral A 1:1000. Cho: soak the seed in it, then plant. No soak time is given on tape.
- Weaning feed (rice, March 12; flip chart) — Cho, in Korean only: when the seed milk runs out, start feeding; in Natural Farming you give amino acid, Fuel (FAA). The board lists '? + FAA + FPJ + PCa + OHN (mugwort, watercress)'. No rates; Cho then says to give nutrients close to Type 2.
- Type 2 (2형), vegetative growth — Read aloud off the handout; all match the photo: 1) BRV 1:500; 2) Food (FPJ) 1:500 of mugwort, water dropwort, or 동자액 (juice of young green fruit); 3) OHN 1:1000; 4) (FAA) 1:1000; 5) WCP 1:1000; 6) Protectors (LAB) 1:1000; 7) yeast 1:500; 8) Mineral C 1:1000. The English handout printed item 6 as 'malt'; it is LAB. Cho: 'I'll explain this again later, so just take it as written here.'
-
In Hawaiʻi you can grow rice twice a year; this chart follows Korean weather
Cho's opening caution before reading the dates.
▶ 59:07 As spoken
-
Rice: sown and sprouting February 12; young seedling and weaning March 12, a month later
Chart: 발아 2/12 (type VI, 2–3 leaves); 유묘·이유기 3/12 (type III–II). Cho compares March 12 to a baby coming off the breast.
▶ 59:25 From the slides
-
A seed has a germ (씨눈) and seed milk (씨젖); every living thing grows on its seed milk first
Drawn on the flip chart. 'Until it can carry on its own hard life, it is made to grow on this seed milk.'
-
Base fertilizer under a seed is like raising a baby on cow's milk instead of its mother's
The seedling grows big and fat but 'can't run, it huffs and puffs': its vitality drops. Build its ability on the seed milk first, then fertilize.
▶ 1:03:26 As spoken
-
Give no fertilizer at the sprouting stage
The interpreter's summary of Cho's point. Fertilized early, the body grows big but 'puffed up with water'.
▶ 1:05:00 As spoken
-
Raise tomato, paprika, bell pepper and papaya seedlings in poor soil, not fertile soil
Poor soil makes the life force strong. Korean proverb: 'Hardship in youth is worth buying.'
▶ 1:06:25 As spoken
-
When the seed milk runs out (weaning, March 12 for rice), start feeding, with Fuel (FAA)
Never interpreted. Cho: 'Now that the mother's milk has run out, this is when you have to give fertilizer… in Natural Farming we give amino acid… F-A-A.'
▶ 1:09:46 As spoken
-
Seed treatment keeps the sprouting seed from tearing and makes up any loss right away
Cho compares a sprouting seed to a birth. 'If you do it by the prescription, there's no tearing when the seed sprouts.'
▶ 1:12:40 As spoken
-
Seed soak: BRV 1:500, FPJ 1:500, OHN 1:1000, (FAA) 1:1000, WCP 1:1000, malt 1:500, yeast 1:500, seawater 1:20–25, Mineral A 1:1000
Handout column 종자·종묘처리, read aloud and checked against the photo. Soak the seed, then plant.
-
The prescription came to Cho in a dream, after the Japanese asked him for one
He woke, wrote it down, and was startled himself. 'If you just use it exactly as written, you won't make mistakes.'
▶ 1:16:42 As spoken
-
At weaning, give nutrients close to Type 2
Rice chart: III–II at 3/12, II at 5/5. Type 2 is vegetative growth.
▶ 1:18:44 As spoken
-
Type 2: BRV 1:500, FPJ 1:500, OHN 1:1000, (FAA) 1:1000, WCP 1:1000, LAB 1:1000, yeast 1:500, Mineral C 1:1000
Read aloud and checked against the handout photo. Item 6 is LAB, not malt as the English copy said.
-
Seawater does not replace the Mineral products (Mineral A, C, D, E): 'seawater is seawater, and mineral is mineral'
Asked whether ocean water can stand in for Mineral C. Only Cho's institutes in Japan and Korea make the Mineral products; if Natural Farming takes off in Hawaiʻi, he'll make them here.
▶ 1:21:48 As spoken
- Two errors in the overnight English handout: it calls 쑥 'wormwood' (it is mugwort; Drake corrected it aloud at 1:16:05), and its Type 2 item 6 says 'malt' (it is LAB 1:1000; malt belongs only in the seed treatment column).
- The interpreter and the board call 미나리 'watercress'; it is water dropwort.
- No soak time is given on tape. Cho's books give times by seed (rice about 7 hours); see cho_check.
- FAA sits in parentheses on the handout in both columns; why is not explained on this page.
- The first term of the weaning list on the flip chart is overwritten and can't be read (probably BRV).
- The dream origin of the prescription is Cho's own account.
- Cho compares sprouting to childbirth, says care before a birth makes delivery easy, and says babies raised on formula get sick in old age. Those are claims about people, not tested, and we don't repeat them as advice.
- Dr. Park's prices ($20 a bottle) and dates are 2017 arrangements.
- Let the seedling live on its own seed milk; skip fertilizer at sprouting.
- Raise seedlings in lean soil so they come up strong.
- Soak seed in the seed treatment solution before planting.
- When the seed milk runs out, start feeding: Fuel (FAA) first, then the Type 2 prescription.
- Seawater and the Mineral products are not the same thing.
Next to Master Cho's teaching
-
Goes further
Seed treatment formula His 2003 book gives a shorter seed soak (FPJ 500, BRV 500, OHN 1000, Mineral A 1000, FAA if weak) with soak times by seed, rice about 7 hours. The 2017 handout adds WCP, malt, yeast and seawater.
Cho, Janong Natural Farming (2003), p. 155–156
-
Agrees
No fertilizer while the seed feeds on its own reserves His 2005 text: the early stage runs on nutrients stored in the seed, which form the roots, leaves and stems.
CGNF Advanced (2005.08) (English translation), p. 26
-
Agrees
Weaning marks the switch to outside nutrition His rice theory: the seedling enters independent nutrition after weaning from the seed's stored nutrients.
CGNF Fruit Tree Textbook (English translation), p. 25
“In human terms, it should grow up on its mother's milk, but they raised it on cow's milk.”
▶ 1:03:26
“Don't raise them in fertile soil. Raise them in poor soil, and their life force gets strong.”
▶ 1:06:25
“If you just use it exactly as written, you won't make mistakes.”
▶ 1:18:05
“Seawater is seawater, and mineral is mineral.”
▶ 1:21:48
In this talk
- 58:54Rice twice a year here; sprouting Feb 12, weaning Mar 12
- 1:00:49The seed's own milk
- 1:03:11Cow's milk under the seed
- 1:06:25Raise seedlings in poor soil
- 1:07:52Weaning: the milk runs out, give Fuel (FAA)
- 1:11:20Sprouting tears the seed open: why seed treatment
- 1:14:04The seed soak, off the handout
- 1:16:18A prescription from a dream
- 1:18:37Type 2 at weaning, and an error in the English copy
- 1:21:37Seawater is not a Mineral product; Dr. Park on clay jars
Transcript
English translation, checked against the Korean as spoken.
58:54 So you take the rice and sow this seed, the seed. But in Hawaii you can grow rice twice a year. So in Hawaii, I'm looking at it with your weather, You can harvest two times. You can plant two times. This is according to Korean weather. So when we plant and then sprout young baby, that's February 12th. So the rice seed is sown, and it sprouts on February 12.
그래서 그 벼를 갖다가 이 씨를 [뿌리잖아], 씨를. 그런데 하와이는 벼농사 짓는 건 두 번 짓지. 이것은 한국의 날씨에 따라서입니다. 그래서 볍씨를 뿌려가지고서 발아할 때가 2월 12일이야.
59:39 So when they start to grow, it became a baby seedling in March, about one month later. Then from sprouting it grows into a young seedling, So that time, if I compare to the human baby, you can stop milking them. and it reaches the weaning stage, when it comes off the milk. And people will stop eating their meal. Director, you mean up to here it grows on the nutrition in the seed?
그런데 이것이 이제 발아에서 자라는 유묘, 어린 모가 이유기가 된다고, 젖 떨어질 때가. 원장님, 여기까지는 씨에 있는 영양으로 [자란다는] 소리예요?
1:00:49 You plant a rice seed like this. This part is the [germ, the embryo]. And this part of the seed is the [seed milk]. It's the same as the mother's breast milk. This little one is the baby's life force. If you look at this rice seed, there's two parts. There's a little corner, very small area, that's seed... seedling. Not the seedling. Where the life of the seed is coming from, and this part is like the milk of the seed.
이런 볍씨를 심어서, 심어가지고서, 이게 그냥 [씨눈, 배]야. 이 씨는 그 [씨젖]이죠. 엄마의 모유나 마찬가지야. 요거는 애기 생명력이 [있는 데야].
1:01:38 You know, when you look at, observe your seed, the rice, there's a little tiny thing on top and then there's a body. So the big body is the milk of the seed, and the top little thing is giving the life to the seed. What do you call the seed-eye [씨눈, the germ] [in English]? It's what gives life. It means giving life. Germ. Germinal. It grows from here, right? The new shoot comes out from here. Germination. Germination is the little tiny thing, the leaf coming out from there. So that's why there's a life
씨눈은 [영어로] 뭐라고 그래요? 생명을 준다고요. 여기서 자라잖아요. 그렇죠? 여기서 새싹이 나오는 거죠.
1:02:25 growing. There's a germination point. Do you understand? So every living thing has a seed-eye (germ) and seed-milk (endosperm). Until it can carry on its own hard life, it is made to grow on this seed milk. So in the beginning, all the seed has this component. So this is how they grow first sprouts. Meanwhile they use this seed milk to grow, to start. That's their nutrient.
그래서 모든 생명체는 씨눈이 있고 씨젖이 있어. 그 고난의 생을 이을 때까지는 이 씨젖으로 자라게 되어 있는 거예요.
1:03:11 But today's methods put base fertilizer down here. But the modern farming method, at the bottom they give a fertilizer after they put crops. In human terms, it should grow up on its mother's milk, but they raised it on cow's milk. So this is like saying the baby should grow with the mama's milk, they feeding the cow milk right there. So because they fed it this cow's milk, So because they gave cow milk, the fertilizer at the bottom, the seedling became very
그런데 지금 [농법]들은 여기다 밑거름을 줘. 사람으로 치면 엄마 젖을 먹고 자라야 되는 건데 소젖을 먹여서 키운 거예요. 그래서 이 소젖을 먹였기 때문에
1:03:58 big. Overweight. It just gets fat. It can't run, it huffs and puffs. Its vitality drops. So because they are overweight, they cannot run. So their ability is very weak. So with the mother's milk, this here, so that it can carry on into its next life, you build up its ability first and only then give fertilizer. But they fertilize it and grow it big early, so it's a mess. It grows up weak, as if it never got fed. So if you want to make a strong plant, let them grow from the mother's milk.
그냥 살만 쪄 가지고, 뛰지도 못하고 헉헉거려. 생활력이 떨어지는 거야. 그래서 엄마 젖, 요걸 가지고 다음 생을 이을 수 있도록 능력을 키워주고 난 다음에 거름을 주어야 되는 건데, 거름을 줘서 미리 키워 놓으니까 엉망진창, 먹지 못해서 약하게 큰 거지.
1:04:51 If you grow with fertilizer like cow milk, the plants are going to get weak. So do not give any fertilizer when they are sprouting stage. So because they raise it on fertilizer when it is young, the body gets really big, [but it is a body puffed up with water]. So when you put the fertilizer at the bottom of the seed, your body is very weak, weak but very weak. So it's like you're only drinking water, no nutrients. It's the same thing.
그러니까 어려서 거름을 줘서 기르기 때문에 몸이 정말 커서 [물로 부은 몸이 된다].
1:05:37 So you go through hardship as a baby, as a newborn, and grow up strong; that makes a body that is comfortable in old age. [Unclear] ... and in spite of it they get sick and end up miserable. So when you are growing with mother's milk, your body is very healthy. So even they grow old, still healthy. But if you give them with fertilizer from the beginning, it's already in the beginning their body is weak. So even they get old, they get really really sick.
그래서 애기 때, 갓난 애기 때 고생을 하고 강하게 자라야 늙어서 편한 몸을 만듭니다. [불명확] ... 그에 불구하고 병이 걸려서 불행해지는 거예요.
1:06:24 So when you raise seedlings of your tomatoes, paprika, bell peppers, papaya and so on, don't raise them in fertile soil. Raise them in poor soil, and their life force gets strong. So this is another reason we don't use very nutrient soil when we are planting the seed. Kind of poor soil. We start with that. There's a Korean proverb: 'Hardship in youth is worth buying.' So in Korea, old people say when you are young, you live a harder life, suffering life. Then when you grow old, your life gets better.
그래서 여러분의 토마토나 파프리카나 피망이나 파파야나 이런 모를 기를 때 비옥한 땅에서 모를 기르는 게 아니라 척박한 땅에서 모를 길러야 생명력이 강해지는 거예요. 그래서 속담에 무슨 말이냐면 '젊어서 고생은 사서도 한다' 이런 말이 있거든.
1:07:14 How about you? Is there something like that in Hawaii? Probably older days they have those kind of wisdom, probably not now. There probably was, in the old days. Young people may not know it. So you should get wisdom from your elders, and get knowledge from young people. So here is March 12. [This is the weaning stage.] Got it?
옛날에 있었을 거예요. 이건 젊은 사람들은 몰라도. 그래서 어른들한테서 지혜를 얻어야 하고, 젊은 사람한테서는 지식을 [얻어야] 되는 거예요. 그래서 여기가 3월 12일. [이때가 이유기입니다.] 알았습니까?
1:08:15 So after one month, with the rice plant, the milk is done. No more milk. So after that, what kind of nutrients should we give to them? [Unclear.] They say you should give it microbes.
[아예 모르죠 했는데요.] 미생물로 줘야 된대요.
1:09:15 We sowed that rice seed right on February 12 and it started to sprout. At that time it grows on its mother's milk. Its mother's milk. I'm saying it grows on this mother's milk. But at this point the mother's milk has run out, right? This is [the weaning stage]. Now that the mother's milk has run out, this is when you have to give fertilizer, and if you ask who gets given at this point,
그 볍씨를 딱 2월 12일날 뿌려가지고서 싹이 나기 시작했거든. 그때는 엄마 젖을 가지고 자라는 거지. 엄마 젖을. 이 엄마 젖을 가지고 자라는 거란 말이에요. 그런데 이때는 엄마 젖이 떨어졌잖아. 이때가 [이유기]야. 엄마 젖이 떨어진 이때 거름을 줘야 되는데, 이때 주는 건 누구냐 그러면은,
1:10:01 in Natural Farming we give amino acid. Amino acid? Now what do they call it? Fish. F-A-A. FPJ, [brown rice vinegar?], OHN ... [listing while writing on the flip chart: '? + FAA + FPJ + PCa + OHN (mugwort, watercress)']
자연농업에서는 아미노산을 [줘요]. 아미노산이요? 아니 근데 그걸 뭐라고 그러는 거야? 피시. F-A-A. FPJ, [현미식초?], OHN ... [판서하며 나열]
1:11:20 Now this is just a passing remark: when a mother gives birth, she bleeds and there is tearing. So when mom gives birth, it breaks there and then it bleeds a lot. That's what happens. And when the rice seed sprouts, it ruptures too; it tears open. So it's the same thing. When the seed comes out, it's just breaking their skin. It's the same thing.
이제 이건 그냥 지나가는 말인데, 엄마가 아기 낳을 때 피를 흘리고 파열이 일어나지. 그렇게 되는데, 그 볍씨가 싹이 나오려면 이게 파열, 찢어지잖아.
1:12:09 So a mother giving birth and a seed sprouting are the same thing. So, when seedling first leaf coming out, that part and then mama give a birth, that part is the same thing because they breaking their skin. So now, for it to go well for both sides, no tearing happens, and even if there is bleeding it gets made up right away. To do that, you have to do seed treatment. A mother too, if she gets that kind of care before giving birth, can have an easy delivery.
그래서 엄마가 아기 낳는 거나 씨가 싹이 트는 거나 같은 맥락이라고. 그러면 이게 지금 ... 그 쌍방이 다 좋게 되려고 그러면은 파열도 일어나지 않고 피를 흘려도 바로 보충이 될 수 있고, 그런 걸 하기 위해서는 종자 처리를 해줘야 되지. 엄마도 아기 낳기 전에 그런 처리를 하면은 순산할 수가 있어.
1:13:00 So, like, we do seed treatment solution. So if we do this seed treatment solution, they wouldn't have that, they recover very fast. So even mothers, before they give birth like that, we give right nutrient for mom, their scar will heal very fast. That's the same thing. That's why we're using seed treatment solution, as a [unclear]. I'll hand out the prescription shortly, but if you do it by the prescription, there's no tearing when the seed sprouts and [the tissue] isn't damaged. There is such a prescription.
그래서 이따가 그 처방전을 내드리겠지만, 처방전대로 하게 되면은 씨가 싹이 틀 때 파열이 생기지 않고, [세포]도 손상을 보지 않고, 그런 처방이 있어요.
1:13:55 So we have a formula for that. Then when you use those formula, their cell heals good and then they don't lose that much blood either. So we need to go to the nutrient cycle one. Yes, this one. Yes, this one. Thank you. This is the 'Natural Farming prescription by the nutritive cycle'. So this is the nutrient that when we treat a certain stage, that's the seedling treatment Look here: seed and seedling treatment, [soil foundation], like this. right here. That means seedling treatment, that's the formula.
네, 이걸로요. 감사합니다. 이것이 영양주기에 따른 자연농업 처방인데, 여기 보면 종자·종묘처리, [토양기반조성] 이렇게
1:14:41 So here's brown rice. Did I hit the button? Brown rice. The brown rice is 1 to 500, and then it's fermented plant juice. You use mugwort or watercress as 1 to 500. Oriental herb nutrient, OHN, 1 to 1,000. You have this [unclear]. And this is a fish amino acid, FAA, 1 to 1,000. Water-soluble calcium phosphate, that's 1 to 1,000. Mega. Well, that's my translation. Be careful. 500. Maybe. And the yeast, 1 to 500.
1:15:31 Seawater, 1 to 20 to 1 to 25. Mineral A, 1 to 1,000. So if you soak the seed in this liquid and then plant it, it is seed-treated, so it doesn't go through tearing or that ordeal, and it grows up without any trouble. So this seed solution, before you plant the seed on the ground, you soak the seed in this solution and then you plant it. So the Wormwood, where I translated wormwood, it's also mugwort, in the same family, just so you know. So my translation is a little weird, but yeah. Thank you.
그래서 이 액에다가 담갔다가 심으면 종자 처리가 되기 때문에 파열이라든지 그 시련을 [겪지 않고] 아무 이유 없이 [잘] 큰다.
1:16:17 So now Japan, the country where this was born, is asking me for this prescription. This formula came from Japan. Now the Japanese people ask him to give this formula to them. But while I was struggling over this, it appeared to me as a vision in a dream. Oh, so this was before he made it? / Yes. / Oh, okay. I have to say, repeat, I need to correct something. Before this formula exists, the Japanese asked him,
그래서 이 처방을 갖다가 일본서, 이게 태어난 나라에서 이 처방을 달라는 거예요. 근데 내가 이런 고민을 하는데 꿈에 환상에 보이는 것이 [처방이었어]. 오, 그럼 이거 만들기 전에요? / 네. / 오, 오케이.
1:17:07 can we have some kind of formula to give nutrients? So he was kind of, oh, I'm not going to do this. And then when he was sleeping, it appeared in his sleep, this formula. So it was taught to me [in the dream], and what I had scribbled down I worked out when I got up in the morning. So he wake up and start writing all this formula. That's what this is. Even I was startled when I got up and had written it all down. It showed up in my dream. he wake up after he wrote it down he was so surprised why this thing is showing in my dream
그래서 [꿈에서] 가르쳐 주셔서 내가 막 썼던 걸 아침에 일어나서 [정리]한 거라고. 나도 일어나서 다 써 놓고 깜짝 놀랐어. 꿈에 이게 보이더라고.
1:17:58 So that's how this was made: the Natural Farming prescription by nutritive cycle. So if you follow this formula, you wouldn't have any problem when you farm. If you just use it exactly as written, you won't make mistakes. I have to explain it all the way through. Oh, which one? The one there. Thank you. So I'm going to continue with the first one. So that's when we stop the milk.
그래서 이게 만들어진 거예요. 영양주기에 따른 자연농업 처방이. 이 대로만 쓰면 실수를 하지 않아요. 쭉 제가 설명을 해놔야 되니까.
1:18:44 [At weaning] you have to give nutrients close to type 2 of the nutritive cycle. Type 2. So, that means they use up their mother's milk, now we need to give them nutrition. First one is, we give the nutrient close to type 2. Type 2 is this one. So you need to hear. I'm gonna tell you this again. So the seed is finished with
[이유기에는] 영양주기의 2형에 가까운 양분을 줘야 되는 거예요. 2형.
1:19:41 So you need to give a type 2. That's the formula. There's one mistake in the English translation. Everybody has that. Malt, that's not malt. That's the LAB. Oh, really? This one? Oh, on the type 2 one. Type 2? Oh this one, that's the one. Oh, only on type 2. Okay. No, no, the first one, sorry. Thank you. Number six. Okay. So number one is brown rice vinegar, BRV, 1 to 500. This is the fermented plant juice, FPJ.
1:20:27 You use at this time mugwort, watercress, or baby fruit, fermented fruit juice, baby fruit, young green fruit. You can use at this time. And then OHN 1 to 1000, FAA 1 to 1000, water-soluble calcium phosphate 1 to 1,000, lactic acid bacteria, LAB 1 to 1,000, Hyomo, yeast 1 to 500, Mineral C 1 to 1,000. Do you got it? This is kind of advanced formula.
1:21:17 So first I gave you, that's the general formula. I'll explain this again later, so just take it as it is written here. I'm going to explain all this later. Just, there's a type two. Just understand. That's the formula. Type two means vegetative growth, actually. So we would just use ocean water because we don't have Mineral C. Oh, we can purchase it from him. Seawater is seawater, and mineral is mineral. Sea water is sea water, mineral is mineral. So actually you guys can buy mineral from him if you want to use it.
이것은 나중에 다시 설명을 드리니까 여기 이대로만 알아주세요. 바닷물은 바닷물이고 미네랄은 미네랄이야.
1:22:08 Right now only our research institute in Japan and our research institute in Korea can make this. Research center in Japan and Korea Natural Farming Research Center only produce these minerals. But if Natural Farming takes off in Hawaii, [I'll make it here]. If Hawaii has lots of people doing natural farming, he will start make mineral in Hawaii. Yay! That's great. I want to just add something. You know, when we go to Korea the last time,
지금은 현재는 일본 우리 연구소하고 한국에 있는 우리 연구소에서만 이걸 만들 수 있습니다. 그런데 하와이에서 자연농업이 많이 일어난다[면, 여기서 만들 거예요].
1:23:01 a lot of people want to buy this mineral, A, B, C, D, E, and root, which is so six, seven different kinds, right? Each bottle is $20 for one bottle, which you can use a long time. So if you want to go buy it next time, then you can do that December. We are going to have a seminar, December 5, 6, 7, 8. So if you go that time, you can buy it. If you have a lot of people wanting to buy without going, then maybe an alternative we're thinking about: when we go next time, if people want to buy,
1:23:48 if you want to buy this clay jar, because that is the most ideal container you make all these natural farming ingredients. So if you want to do that, then we can order all at one time. So it has one big container that we can ship to save a lot of money. And we can bring each individual safely. So I'm going to ask the CGNF to think about this. So we can all plan to have this right material to make the right kind of ingredient instead of plastic or glass. Okay? Thank you, Dr. Park. Thank you.