Microbes 1 → 4: Bamboo Grove to 150 kg per 300 Pyeong

1:13:44 All right. That's enough. Thank you very much. That's a microorganism starter. That's the one group. ...it can set [the soil] right. You can use those microbes to spread, inoculate five acres. It can do as much as the five barley loaves did. So that is just like the five barley loaves. Propagate this, and you can bring five acres of land back to normal.

...바로잡을 수가 있어요. 그리고는 보리떡 5개만큼 능력을 발휘할 수 있는 것입니다. 이걸 확대 배양시키면 5에이커 땅을 정상으로 회복시킬 수가 있습니다.

1:14:41 How do you propagate this microorganism to use 5 acres? Propagated microorganisms. So when you go into a bamboo grove like this, So when you go into bamboo forest, you will see lots of mycelium growing like that. there's a lot of mycelium in a bamboo grove. where there's a clump like this, there are lots of microbes under it, so earthworms gather there. So underneath the mycelium, when you lift it, there's a lot of earthworms living in there. And the droppings the earthworms leave after eating the microbes take on a crumb structure, like this.

그래서 이렇게 대나무 밭에 가서 보면 대나무 밭에는 마이셀리움이 많습니다. 그래서 이런 덩어리가 있으면 이 덩어리 밑에는 미생물이 많기 때문에 지렁이가 모여 있는 겁니다. 그럼 지렁이가 미생물을 먹고 싼 똥이 이렇게 떼알 구조가 되어 있는 거예요.

1:15:27 So you see this one is earthworm's waste. Because there's so much earthworm living in there, all these wastes look like this. Like this. Of all organic fertilizers, the best-quality one is earthworm castings. So in the organic fertilizer that Earthworm always is the best one. Now, why does something like bamboo have so many microbes? Has anyone here ever chewed a bamboo root? Anybody chew the bamboo roots?

이렇게요. 거름 중에서, 유기질 거름 중에서 가장 질이 좋은 유기질 거름이 지렁이 똥이에요. 이제 그러면 대나무 같은 건 왜 미생물이 많으냐 그러면 여러분 대나무 뿌리를 씹어보신 사람이 있으세요?

1:16:17 No one? Sweet juice comes out for 15 minutes. When you chew bamboo roots, it's very sweet. So what the bamboo roots excrete... So bamboo crops are very sweet. Microbes love sweet things, so all kinds of microbes crowd into a bamboo grove in great numbers. So microorganisms love the sweetness, that's why there's abundance of microorganisms growing in the bamboo forest. So that's where we collect the IMO seed stock.

없대요? 15분간 단물이 나와요. 그래서 대나무 뿌리에서 나오는 대소변은 그래서 미생물은 단 걸 좋아하기 때문에 대나무 밭에 미생물이 다양하게 아주 많이 몰려들어요. 그래서 거기서 토착미생물 원종을 채취하는 거예요.

1:17:05 That's why we collect starter of the microorganisms in the bamboo forest. So in a box like this, a lunchbox-type box, you put hard-cooked rice, firm rice, So you make a little box like this and bury it under the bamboo, and the rice turns out like this. then you cook the rice, dry rice, not the sticky rice, and then cover the top and then put those boxes underneath the bamboo forest, and then you can collect all those microorganisms.

그래서 이런 상자에다가, 상자 도시락에다가 고두밥을, 된밥을 해가지고 대나무 밑에 묻어놓으면 밥이 이렇게 되거든요.

1:17:52 This is what we call indigenous microorganism number 1 (IMO1). Yes, this one was made in Hawaiʻi. Under the bamboo, they wove a basket, put rice in it, buried it, and it came out like this. This one is done in Hawaii, so they use the hala basket, and then you cook the rice and then put it in the... all these dried leaves, and they cover it, and you can collect like that. That is indigenous microorganism number one. That's IMO number 1 too.

이것을 토착미생물 1번이라고 부릅니다. 예, 이건 하와이에서 만든 건데, 대나무 밑에다 바구니를 짜가지고 거기다 밥을 넣어서 묻어 놓으면 이렇게 돼요. 그것도 토착미생물 1번이야.

1:18:41 That picture, George took it. That's my hand. Yes. Then you take the IMO1 you made, mix it with the same amount of sugar, and make it like this. So this is microorganism number two: the microorganism one with an equal amount of brown sugar, you mix it, and then it becomes like this. So that is microorganism number two. Then you dilute this 1,000 times. What's it usually used on? Rice bran. You take this, dilute it 1,000 times, and use it to bring the rice bran to the right moisture.

네. 그러면 그 만든 1번하고 같은 양의 설탕을 섞어서 이렇게 만들어요. 그리고 이걸 천 배로 희석을 해가지고, 보통 어디에 쓰냐 그러면 쌀겨. 쌀겨에 이걸 갖다가 천 배로 희석해서 수분을 맞추는 거예요.

1:19:33 We use only 1 to 1000 ratio of IMO2 when we make IMO3. In Korea they use rice bran. That's one of the inputs we use. But if you don't have rice [bran] powder, wheat flour, or corn flour; to the corn flour you add dried banana [leaf; heard as 'salt'], mixed half and half, and you can use that. So if you don't have rice hull you can use flour or corn flour half

그런데... 쌀가루가 없다면, 밀가루, 아니면 옥수수가루, 옥수수가루에다가 바나나나 바나나 소금 말린 거, 그거를 반반씩 섞어가지고 하면 쓸 수가 있어요.

1:20:19 of those, either one, plus dry banana leaf you mix it together one to one ratio you can use it as another medium for making IMO-3. And sweet potato: steam it... and make it into powder. Also, you can, like a banana or sweet potato, you cook it and then dry it, and then make a little powder, you can use that too, as another medium. Then you can make the number IMO 3, IMO 2.

그리고 고구마, 그걸 쪄서... 가루를 만들어서

1:21:07 Oh, number 2. Number 2. Yes, yes. Wait, can you go back? Yeah, because you said that was all for IMO 3 with the rice hulls and everything. Instead of mill run. Yeah. But then you said IMO 2. After IMO 2, we make IMO 3. If you don't have rice hull or mill run, you can use flour 50% with dry banana leaf or whatnot. And then you mix together 1 to 1 ratio to make a, use as a medium to make IMO 3. So that's the IMO 3, but then when we make IMO 3, we need IMO 2 as a starter.

아이고, 2. 2. 네. 네.

1:22:12 So that one we use as a 1 to 1000 ratio and actually there is water you have to use because their moisture level has to be 65 to 70%. Sorry. So this is where it gets made... Director, we have to be clear about the water here, don't we? Yes, that's right. So IMO 2, 1 to 1000 ratio. And this material, or IMO 3 medium: if you have 60 pounds of material, you need 5 gallons of water. When you mix with those ratio, the moisture level will turn out 65 to 70%.

그렇게 해서 여기에서 산물이 만들어진다고 원장님, 여기다 물, 그거 분명히 해야 되잖아요? 네, 그렇죠.

1:23:05 But in the water, we need to put nutrients for food for the microbes. So in that water, you put the Goi Chan, fermented plant juice, brown rice vinegar, also IMO2. And then you mix together that and the ocean water. Or if you have a mineral A, we use mineral A. And then when you mix with those medium, rice hull or mill run, or half of the flour with 50% of another material, organic material, you can propagate bigger. We're making more and more material with those little starter.

1:23:55 So when you ferment it, it's going to produce the heat. And then also you can see the microorganisms starting to grow. So you need to turn when they heat up; 110 to 120, in between that temperature, you must turn. Generally, we have to turn every day, once a day. So, the conditions for using microbes: what works best is shade and sun: sunlight, seven parts shade to three parts sun, and there's shade.

그래가지고 미생물을 활용한 조건인데 제일 잘 하는 게 음지와 양지가 양광이, 칠음삼양(七陰三陽), 그리고 음지가 있고

1:24:47 This is a basic environment that microorganisms like. In this environment microorganisms grow vigorously. First, you need to provide seven shades, three lights. That seven shades, three lights, that is, if you go in the forest, that is a seven shades and three lights. The microorganisms grow in that stage very vigorously. Also moisture level has to be between 60-70%. Temperature should be 110-120, between 15 Celsius to 25 Celsius.

1:25:33 So those three have to be always, you have to provide this environment to generate lots of microorganisms. But the floor of the propagating this microorganism must touch the soil. And they also protect from the weather. So you have to protect from the weather. So you can put the tent on top or underneath the something, house.

1:26:19 Leaves too, yeah. And then, what do you put on top of this? There's sugarcane here, right? Cut the sugarcane, dry it, weave it, [unclear] ...we make a flat, like [unclear] ...just with that. one foot and a half or so. You need to cover it, because we don't have a rice straw. He said we can dry the sugar cane leaves and then you weave somehow and then use that as a cover. He always stressed that the material that we cover this microorganism need to use natural material

저 여기 사탕수수가 있지? 사탕수수 잘라가지고 말려가지고 엮고 [불명확] 그것만 가지고

1:27:08 Anything woven from synthetic fiber won't do. So don't use artificial cover. Must use a natural material. So IMO2, and then those medium we asked you to use, that became IMO3. Yes, the microorganism number three. So we are making bigger and bigger now, the third stage. But this, freshly made... [unclear] it has no strength yet. So when we use this one in the field,

화학섬유로 짠 건 안 된다고 그런데 이 바로 담근 건데 … [불명확] 힘이 없어

1:27:55 they don't have that much power. Microorganism number three don't have power yet. So to that, Okay, now already we are ready to, after this one is cooled down, we are ready to make IMO4. you bring soil from your own field or rice paddy, mix in half, and that makes IMO number 4. Half has to come from the mountain; if you haven't brought it, you can't do it. that time you need to use soil. So 50% of the soil from the field, you mix it with a nutrient water.

그래서 거기다가 자기네들 밭이나 논에 흙을 갖다가 반을 섞어서 토착미생물 4번을 만드는 거예요. 반은 산에서 갖고 와야죠. 안 갖고 왔으면 더 못해요.

1:28:43 And then you start fermenting again. Why bring soil from the field or paddy? There's a very important meaning in that. Why we are bringing in field soil, there is a very important reason. These microbes are very jealous. These microorganisms, they have a very high level of jealousy. With people, [unclear] it works out, the same with human beings. Like a human being, when we have a high level of jealousy, we can just divorce. But in the microorganism world,

밭이나 논의 흙을 왜 가져오느냐, 거기 아주 중요한 의미가 있어요. 그런데 이 미생물은 질투심이 굉장히 세요. 사람은 [불명확] 되는데

1:29:30 when there's high jealousy going on, it just kills them. So if you bring it from the field where you'll use this material, the microbes of that field, of that area, are in it. So when you bring in the field soil, there's microorganisms living in the soil; you bring them to them, to this microorganism. Since it's mixed in with the local microbes, they ferment together. So you mix those field microorganisms and the forest microorganisms, meet together, you mix them. So when you take the material you made to the field, the field microbes come out to pick a fight,

그래서 이 자재를 갖다 쓸 밭에 그걸 가져오면은 그 밭에 [있는], 그 지역에 있는 미생물이 있다고 지역에 있는 미생물하고 같이 섞어서 넣으니까 같이 발효가 [되잖아요]. 그래서 그걸 갖다가, 만든 자재 갖다가 밭에 [놓으면] 밭에 있는 미생물이 싸움을 하려고 왔다가

1:30:22 and who's there? Their own relatives are there! Cousins, uncles have come out! So there's field soil, and field microorganisms, and forest microorganisms are in there. When you use these on your field, there's a lot of [unclear] field microorganisms come to these two microbes, and they recognize their relatives in there. So they don't want ...so they were going to fight, and then they go near them, they recognize them and say, hi, how are you? So they became close friends.

누가 와 있어? 자기 친척들이 와 있잖아. 사촌, 삼촌 나와 있잖아.

1:31:16 That's the microorganism friendship. So bringing in microbes and talking about microbes' affinity: nobody in the world does that but natural farming. [Nobody else] talks about microorganisms [like this] except natural farming. That's the [unclear: 'lifestyle'] of the study. Yes, so once you've made it like that, in what's called organic farming, when they work the soil to [bring it back] [unclear],

그래서 미생물을 갖다 놓고 미생물의 친화성을 얘기하는 건 [세상에] 자연농업밖에 없어. 예, 그래서 여러분들 그렇게 만들었으면 유기농업이라고 하는 데서 토양을 [불명확]

1:32:03 it usually takes one to two years. Usually with organic farming, it would take one or two years to make the land. Oh, to heal the soil with organic farming, it would take one or two years. But if you use natural farming materials, two months is enough. But if you use natural farming inputs with microorganisms, it would take only two months. Two months, yeah. It's true. That's how fast it goes. It is really fast, he expressed.

대개가 1년 내지 2년 걸려. 그런데 자연농업 자재를 쓰면 두 달이면 돼. 그만큼 빨리 돼요.

1:32:50 But everyone, this [organic farming]... [unclear] Can you explain to him what organic farming is? Farming with less chemicals. Really it's [unclear] farming; farming that uses a little less chemicals gets called [organic]. That's a lie, he's saying. A lie? A lie. Oh! So... [unclear] When sunlight, air, water, soil, crops and people

그런데 여러분들, 이 [유기농업]을 … [불명확] 사실은 [불명확] 농사인데 화학약품을 조금 덜 쓰는 농사가 [유기농업이라고]. 그건 거짓말이다 이거지. 거짓말? 거짓말. 오! 그래서 … [불명확] 햇빛과 공기와 물과 흙과 작물과 사람이

1:33:39 are in organic harmony, that's called organic farming. So true organic farming is the air, sunlight, soil, man. Air. Sunlight. I said that. Anyway, those organic matter, what we mentioned, When those are coming together, that's a true organic farming. which is natural farming. But what they call organic farming isn't the true meaning of organic farming. Its first meaning, the word 'organic farming', is a really good word. But now, organic farming means you use organic materials and call it organic farming.

유기적으로 조화가 이루어졌을 때 유기농업이라고 그런데 그걸 유기농업이라고 얘기하는 것은 유기농업의 진의는 없어요. 첫 뜻은, 유기농업이라는 말은 참 좋은 말이야. 그런데 지금 유기농업이라고 하면 유기자재를 써가지고 유기농업이라고 그러잖아.

1:34:36 If today you use what we are just saying, that becomes true organic farming, but they are not using what we are saying. They use material, only material, so that's not true organic farming. So that's actually, it's not organic farming. If you use organic materials and call it organic farming, then strictly speaking, it's organic-materials farming, not organic farming. You have to call it 'organic matter' farming, or something like that. You have to call it a little bit different.

그 유기자재로 써서 유기농업이라고 얘기한다고 하면 그걸 원칙적으로 얘기하면 유기자재농업이지 유기농업은 아니라고

1:35:23 Yes, [unclear], and what's called organic farming on Earth right now is organic-materials farming, not organic farming. So all over the world they are saying we are doing organic farming Because they use material, so it is not true organic farming. So, I am repeating: to become true organic [farming], water, air, soil, crops and human beings, So if we really do organic farming, sunlight, air, water, soil, crops and people have to farm in organic harmony. Only that is organic farming.

예, [불명확] 그리고 지금 지구상에서 유기농업이라고 얘기하는 것은 유기자재농업이지 유기농업은 아니라고 그래서 우리가 정말로 유기농업을 한다면 햇빛과 공기와 물과 흙과 작물과 사람이 유기적인 조화를 가지고 지어야만 유기농업이지.

1:36:16 they come together, and when you farm that way, that's true organic farming. So actually there is a deeper meaning. Air, land and all that has to be healed. Not dirty air, not dirty soil. It's a deeper meaning. He's saying. Yes, does that make sense? Do you understand? Yes. So, if we're to accept something as organic farming in name, farming done with nature as its partner is organic farming.

네, 이해가 되세요? 자, 그러니까 우리가 유기농업이라고 지금 말로 인정한다고 하면 자연을 대상으로 해서 짓는 농사가 유기농이야.

1:37:02 Not organic materials; [what's done now] is organic-materials farming. So the true of organic farming, you use nature, real nature, then it becomes true organic farming. When you use organic material, making a farming material, that's not a true organic farming. So IMO number 4, So once you make IMO4, you can replace 50% of feed with IMO4, those animal feed. you can feed up to 50% and it's no problem at all.

유기자재가 아니고, [지금 짓는] 농사는 유기자재농업이다. 그래서 토착미생물 4번은 50%까지 먹여도 아무 상관이 없습니다.

1:37:51 Yeah, that's a lot. [unclear] Put 150 kg on 300 pyeong and it turns out like this. This is a quarter acre, and they use 300 kg... 150 kg of IMO4. So on a quarter acre, you need 150 kg of IMO4. Then it became like this. When it's like this, the microbes... form a film, so grass can't come up. So when you put IMO4 like this, there's a little cover on this mycelium,

300평에 150kg을 넣으면 이렇게 만들어져요. 이렇게 되면은 미생물이 … 막이 생기기 때문에 풀이 못 나.

1:38:41 so the weed cannot come out. That prevents the weed growing. But when you've treated it like this, where direct sun hits, they die, so here, uh... it's good to mulch it, he says. When you spread IMO4, when direct sun hits them, the microorganisms are going to die. So you need to watch it. And I think this one is under the greenhouse. This is under the greenhouse, right? Yes, this one is under the greenhouse, so that's why they didn't put the mulching. but if you are doing this one outside you need to put mulching on top

대신 이렇게 처리를 해놨을 때 직사광선 쪽에서는 [미생물이] 죽으니까 여기다가 그… 멀칭을 하는 게 좋다고

1:39:29 Was that soil rich? Is this soil very... Fertilizer? No, is it rich soil? No, it's poor soil. No, if there were a lot of [nutrients] in it, it wouldn't come out white; it comes out black. If it has too much nutrient in the soil, it doesn't come out white, it comes out a dark color. But the beneficial microbe is white color. That's why we promote white microbes. So was that just stripped of everything, the weeds, and just a little bit of IMO4 dropped on it? IMO 4 went in here, and... They didn't scrape the weeds.

이 흙이 아주… 비료? 아니, 걸은 흙이에요? 아니요, 없는 흙이요. 아니, [영양이] 많이 들어있다고 하면은 이게 하얗게 나오지도 않고 검은색이 나와요. 토착미생물 4번이 좀 들어가서 여기가…

1:40:17 They scraped off all the weeds and then put the microbes down like this? They didn't scrape the weeds; they ran a rotary tiller lightly, put IMO down there [amount unclear], and then sprayed the soil treatment solution, you know, and after that... They just tilled, shallow tilled, like a chicken scratching the surface. That's what they did. And then put the microorganism, and then after microorganism, you need to put soil treatment solution. And you guys know that? So that's IMO4, though? Yeah, that's IMO4 plus nutrient, SOS we call it.

잡초를 다 밀어버리고서는 미생물을 이렇게 놓은 거예요? 잡초를 민 게 아니라 살짝 로터리를 쳐가지고 거기다 토착미생물 [불명확] 넣고 또 토양 [처리] 조성액 있잖아, 그걸 뿌려주고 난 다음에

1:41:07 So that SOS has lots of nutrients in there. We'll give you the recipe. So is this done? Can you hold your questions right on down? Thank you. Thank you. So in the greenhouse, all the microbes propagate everywhere. So then all these microbes propagate, and all these earthworms start to come. For us to really make it like this, And then there's so many earthworm castings piling up on the field.

우리가 [진정히] 꼭 이렇게 만들기 위해서

1:41:55 I just want to explain to you, this one is not just IMO4. we must give food for the microbes, which is very rich food; we gave soil treatment solution. That's why it became like this. After just two years, you won't need to use anything else. Microorganism number four, you keep using for two years; after that you hardly use microorganism. Because microbes are high-grade protein and high-grade calcium. [unclear]. Also, in this microorganism is high quality of

2년만 지나가면 다른 거 쓰지 않도록 [되는] 거예요. 그러니까 미생물은 고급 단백질의 고급 칼슘 성분이야.

1:42:45 nitrogen, high quality of [calcium] is in there. So with that alone, the crop does fine. Just with that nutrient, you can grow crops in there. Inside the greenhouse it was the same soil as here, but we did soil foundation building and it swelled up like this. So this is outside, and this side was the same field. Once you put the microorganism, and then time passes, then the inside, where the microorganism is in there, is starting to swell.

그래서 그것만 가지고 충분히 작물이 되는 거예요. 그런데 이게 하우스 안에 여기와 같은 흙이었는데 토양기반조성을 했더니 이렇게 부풀어 오르는 거예요.

1:43:31 The ground has swelled up a lot. The land is starting to swell up. That one is flour dough alone, so it's hard; this one has yeast in it, so it became castella sponge cake. So if I compare with making bread: the other side, outside of the greenhouse, that one is without yeast, so it's kind of hard dough, and inside, you put the yeast, it's just raised. This wasn't made with scholarship or with technology. This is not made with technology. Technology? Yeah, knowledge.

땅이 많이 부풀어 올랐어요. 밀가루만 반죽을 해서 단단하게 하는 거고, 이거는 이스트를 넣어서 해서 카스테라가 된 거고. 이것은 학문 가지고 기술 가지고 만들어진 것이 아닙니다.

1:44:17 This is a work made from microbes and the outdoors and air, and water and sunshine together. So then they planted cucumbers in that kind of field. And this [stick] here is [unclear: about 1 m 80?] The stick is about 180 cm, about 6 feet.

이것은 미생물과 바깥과 공기와 … 물과 햇살 … 의 조합으로 만들어진 작품입니다. 그래서 이제 그런 밭에다 오이를 심은 거예요. 그런데 여기 이 [막대기]가 [불명확]

1:45:03 This field has been under natural farming for four years. So in this greenhouse, he did natural farming for four years. So then this [stick] goes all the way in. 180 cm. Wherever you poke it in, it all goes in. So that is the little creatures under the soil and microbes; they create this soil like that. Microbes and small animals made this.

그런데 이 밭인데 4년 동안 자연농업을 한 거예요. 그랬더니 이 [막대기]가 다 들어가는 거예요. 180cm. 어딜 갖다 쑤셔도 다 들어가는 거예요. 이게 미생물하고 소동물이 딱 [만든] 거예요.

1:45:52 You can't till like this with a tractor. If you want the land tilled deep, just make the environment so microbes and small animals can do it, and it gets tilled. Instead of using a tilling machine, you just make the right environment for little creatures and microorganisms. They will [do the work] for you as their own workforce.

이렇게 트랙터로 이렇게 못 갈아. 땅을 깊이 갈려고 하면 미생물과 소동물한테 갈 수 있도록 환경만 만들면 이게 갈아지는데.