Elementary School to 3:6 Rice: How Cho Found Natural Farming

2:57:56 If I talk for about 20 more minutes, it will be time to eat, so let me tell you what led me to take up this natural farming. I wanted to tell you how I started natural farming. I… only went as far as elementary school. I couldn't go on past elementary school, and from when I was young, in the countryside, [unclear: a rural youth organization] I joined the 4-H club and I worked there. I worked in that organization.

한 20분만 더 얘기를 하면 식사 시간이 되니까 그러면 제가 이 자연농업을 하게 된 동기를 말씀드리겠습니다. 저는… 초등학교밖에 못 다녔습니다. 그 초등학교 때는 못 다녔는데, 제가 어렸을 때부터 농촌 (불명확: 청년 단체) 그 단체에서 일했습니다.

2:58:49 The basic ideals of 4-H are ji-deok-no-che: knowledge, virtue, labor and body. Oh, that's wisdom? Heart. Head, heart. Hands. Hands. And then your health. Health. Four H's. So he was teaching the little children about the 4-H. This is what teaches young children about the future… [rest unclear]

그럼 4H의 기본 이념은 지덕노체(智德勞體) 이것이 어린 젊은 아이들에게 미래를 가르쳐주는 (불명확)

2:59:35 So, wisdom, heart, health, and labor? Movement. That's it, that's it. So my record in that work was so good that… [unclear] Gyeonggi-do… [The interpreter: he was president of the 4-H club in Gyeonggi-do.] Something like that. So he was the president of the 4-H club in Gyeonggi-do, in Korea. But then the war broke out in Korea, and But there was a war in Korea, and there were lots of livestock that came from the outside,

그런 거예요. 그런 거예요. 그래서 그 (4H) 활동 실적이 너무 좋아서 (불명확) 경기도 (불명확) 그런데 그때 한국에 (6.25) 전쟁이 일어나서

3:00:25 a great many livestock came in from America. So there is a, no one knows how to take care of these livestock, so he created a Gyeonggi-do But Korea had no livestock technicians, so Gyeonggi Province set up the Gyeonggi Livestock Technology Training Center. Livestock Training Center. But to be allowed to sit its entrance exam, you had to be a university graduate or

미국에서 가축이 아주 많이 들어왔어요. 그런데 한국은 축산 기술자들이 없어가지고 경기도가 경기도 축산기술훈련소를 만들었어요. 그런데 거기에 입학시험을 칠 수 있는 자격이 대학교를 나오거나

3:01:11 have a recommendation from the head of the local government. You have to take exam to enter that training center. He did not create. There is a province that created a training center and he applied for that. Oh, I'm sorry. So he explained. So he applied. [Partly unclear] …I had only finished elementary school. and [partly unclear] there was no one in the countryside to [recommend me].

그 지방자치단체장의 추천을 받아야 들어가는 자리였어요. (불명확) 나는 초등학교(밖에) 나왔지. 그리고 (불명확) 농촌에 (추천해 줄) 사람이 없어서

3:02:01 So he is not qualified because he only had an elementary education. But then the governor of Gyeonggi Province himself And then one day the mayor of the... Governor invited him to meeting. [asked to meet me], so I went, and he told me to sit the exam for the livestock technology training center. And he told him to take exam. I said I wasn't qualified, so I couldn't sit it. He said, "Isn't the qualification mine to give? I'm giving you the governor's recommendation." Oh, so this, he... I gave you the permission to take exam.

그런데 바로 경기도 도지사가 (만나자고 해서) 그래서 갔더니 축산기술훈련소에 시험을 치라는 거예요. 나는 자격이 없어서 시험을 못 친다고 했더니, 자격은 내가 주는 거 아니냐, 너한테 도지사 추천을 하는 거다, 하는 거예요.

3:02:51 So I went to sit the exam. The competition was so fierce it was 90 to 1. So he went to take exam, but there was so many competition, it was 1 to 90. And I got in there… [partly unclear] In that 90-to-1 competition, I passed at the very top. He was the top student, and the school was one of the best.

그래서 제가 시험을 치러 갔어요. 경쟁률이 얼마나 치열했는지 90대 1이었어요. 그런데 제가 거기에 입학을 (불명확) 그런데 그 90대 1의 경쟁에서 내가 수석 합격을 했다고.

3:03:36 So he entered that school, training center. It was six months of study and then graduation, and whoever graduated at the top was given a veterinarian's license, and He's a 26-month trainee. When they graduate, he was one of the top students. And they give you certification as an animal doctor, veterinarian doctor, and artificial insemination certification. He got two certifications.

그래서 6개월간 공부하고 졸업하는 건데, 그 졸업할 때 수석 졸업을 하는 사람에게는 수의사 면허를 줬고

3:04:27 Because I was a top student, I had a veterinarian certification and artificial insemination certification. And so, [to help] the struggling people of the countryside, So he wanted to help the poor farmers in the country, so he traveled a lot. But when I went out and saw it, I came to think that curing disease is not the doctor's job; the doctor's job is to keep disease from happening. So… [unclear] But what he realized is that not fixing the disease, he felt that prevent the disease.

그렇게 해서 농촌의 어려운 국민들을 (돕고자) 그런데 가서 보니까, 병을 고치는 게 의사가 할 일이 아니고 병이 나지 않도록 하는 게 의사가 할 일이라고 생각해서 (불명확)

3:05:21 So he quit. So I began looking, in farming too, for a way in which disease does not happen. Even when he farms, it prevents the disease and they become healthy. [Partly unclear] …as a Korean, I went to Japan to study, as the second exchange student. After war, there's another war. After that war, he's a top student, and he goes to Japan to study.

그래서 제가 농사에서도 병이 나지 않는 방법을 찾기 시작했어요. (불명확) 한국 사람으로 일본으로 유학을 간 제2의 유학생으로 일본으로 가게 되었어요.

3:06:24 We see wisdom from him. Every time he... Yeah. So I went [to Japan]. But I hadn't had much schooling, you see. So he wanted to go to Japan as an exchange student. Study abroad. Study at the scholarship. Oh, okay. He got the scholarship? He got the scholarship. Did I go the regular way? No. The Japanese government invited me. They invited him, but he couldn't speak Japanese at that time.

그래서 제가 (일본에) 갔어요. 근데 내가 공부는 많이 못했잖아. 정식 방법으로 가는 거죠? 아니죠. 일본 정부가 초청을 해서요.

3:07:15 So I taught myself Japanese. He learned by himself how to speak Japanese. Having taught myself Japanese, I was a visiting professor at four Japanese universities. He became a four university professor, visiting professor four university in Japan. So I lectured there; I gave lectures on natural farming. And some of those people [asked] how I knew [words they didn't know themselves]… [partly unclear]

그래서 일본어를 독학으로 배웠습니다. 독학으로 일본어를 배워서 일본 대학교 4개 대학교에 객원교수를 했어요. 그렇게 (불명확) 강의를 하는데, 제가 자연농업 강의를 했거든요. 그런데 그 사람들이 (자기들도 모르는 말을) 어떻게 알았는지 (불명확)

3:08:13 Some of the words, I don't even understand how he learned all that. I mean in Japanese. That led to my becoming an expert of the Asian Productivity Organization. APO. APO? Asian Production... I served there as an expert. So he got promoted to a... Asian Production Organization? He was one of the specialist members. I was going around all the countries of Asia, spreading natural farming.

그래서 그것이 계기가 되어서 아세아 생산성 기구의 전문위원이 됐어요. 거기에 이제 전문위원으로 있었다고. 아세아 여러 나라를 다 돌면서 자연농업을 전개하고 있었어요.

3:09:01 So he traveled to all the Asian countries and then spread natural farming. Along the way I felt I had to study. I couldn't go on like this; I had to study. So he realized that I need to study more, so when he turned 26, he went to high school. [Partly unclear] …I took the qualifying exam and got into [high school]. So he, after, took high school, took that exam. My homeroom teacher back then was younger than me. The class teacher was younger than me.

그러다 보니까 제가 공부를 해야 되겠어서, 그냥 이러면 안 될 것 같아서, 공부를 해야 되겠어서 (불명확) 고시를 쳐서 (고등학교에) 들어갔어요. 그때 담임선생님의 나이가 (나보다) 어렸어요.

3:09:54 That was a woman teacher. When she called on me, she didn't call me like a student; she always addressed me like a teacher, in polite speech. Because the teacher is younger than him, So the teacher cannot... we have a respect way to talk to the elder or other people. That's how she talked to him. And then, you know, Korea's May 16 revolution happened. So there is a word... Korean Revolution started.

(불명확) 나를 부를 때 학생처럼 부르지 않고 꼭 선생님같이 불러가지고 존댓말을 쓰더라. 그래가지고 한국에 5.16 혁명이 일어났잖아요.

3:10:42 And I went right into it, as one of the [core] people. [partly unclear] So he was one of the members of the revolutionary group. So he was the represent farmer. So I am someone who [partly unclear] …from a national assemblyman. So he was the senator. Congressman? He was a congressman, too. Where I really learned this natural farming was in Japan, when I went there right after high school.

거기에 (불명확) 주체로 바로 제가 들어갔어요. 그래서 제가 국회의원으로부터 (불명확) 했던 사람이에요. 이 자연농업을 본격적으로 배웠던 것은 제가 고등학교 (마치고) 바로 일본에 와가지고, 일본에서

3:11:29 So after he finished high school, he went back to Japan. and then he started meeting higher ranked people, elite people in Japan. The one who taught me a great deal was called Yamagishi Miyozo, in Japan… [rest unclear] There is one person called Yamashita. Yamashita. He met him. What was his name? Oh, he was in the group. I cannot remember his name. Next I met the man who worked out enzyme fermentation, the one called Shibada Genshi.

가르침을 많이 준 사람이 야마기시 미요조라고 해서, 일본에 (불명확) 그 다음에 효소 발효의 (불명확)를 만든, 시바다 겐시라고 부르는 분을 만났어요.

3:12:27 Teaching on fermentation. Kyoho? What's 'kyoho' [in English]? The big size grapes. Yes, I met the teacher called Oinoue Yasushi, who made the Kyoho grape. There is an Oinoue Yasushi sensei. He developed big size of grapes. Giant grapes. I'll tell you about this tomorrow, but the first person on earth to create the nutritive cycle was Oinoue Yasushi, the one who made the Kyoho grape.

거봉? 거봉이 뭐예요? 예, 그 거봉을 만드는 오이노우에 야스시라고 하는 선생을 만났어요. 그래서 내일 여러분께 말씀을 드리겠지만, 영양주기를 지구상에서 처음으로 만든 분이 오이노우에 야스시, 그 거봉을 만든 분입니다.

3:13:17 The one who developed giant grapes, he studied the nutrient cycle. And the greatest teacher I met: I met the teacher Jesus. So I follow 95% of information about natural farming in the Bible. So more than 95% of what led me to natural farming, I found in the Bible. so that's how he teaches. Above all, in the New Testament, 1 Corinthians 3:16–17 and 3:6–7,

그리고 가장 큰 스승을 만난 게, 예수 선생님을 만난 거예요. 그래서 제가 자연농업을 하게 된 내용이 거의 95% 이상은 성경에서 찾게 되어서 그중에서도 신약의 고린도전서 3장 16절, 17절 말씀하고 3장 6절, 7절 말씀이

3:14:08 these are the words that hold me fast. I'm bound to them. There's a certain chapter 1 Corinthians 1 Corinthians 3:16, 17, and 3:6, 7. There's a word that captured him. If you don't take care of your church, Look at 1 Corinthians 3:16–17: whoever [defiles] the temple, [I will destroy]. Know that my body, where the Holy Spirit is, is a temple. That's 1 Corinthians 3:16–17.

나를 꼼짝 못하게 붙잡는, 매여 있는 거예요. 그래 고린도전서 3장 16절 17절 말씀을 보면 성전을 (더럽히는) 자는 (내가 멸하리라). 내 몸에 성령이 있는, 내 몸을 성전으로 알라. 이게 고린도전서 3장 16절 17절입니다.

3:14:54 your body is church and your Holy Spirit leads your body. If you don't take care of it, you will be punished. Ah, for a person to be truly healthy: since God's Spirit has come to live in my body, the temple where that Spirit lives has to be kept well, I thought. In the end, what it means, I realized, is that I have to take good care of my own body.

아, 사람의 건강을 제대로 하려면, 내 몸에 하나님의 영이 와서 계시니까 그 영이 계신 성전을 잘 모셔야 되겠구나 해서 결국 그 얘기는 뭐냐면, 내가 내 몸을 잘 다스려야 된다고 하는 걸로 깨달았어요.

3:15:45 So you need to take care of your body healthy, so your Holy Spirit can reside in your body. So once I realized that looking after my body is looking after the temple where God's Spirit lives, from then on I started on [natural farming]. [partly unclear] So I recognized I had to take care of my body because as the Holy Spirit resides, it's just like a church. When he recognized that, I started teaching natural farming. So when I asked, what is the way to natural farming, it is chapter 3, verses 6 and 7. "I planted, Apollos watered, but God gave the growth." That is the word.

그래서 내 몸을 잘 지키는 것이 바로 하나님의 영을 모신 성전을 지키는 거라고 깨닫고 난 다음부터는 자연(농업)으로 (불명확) 시작한 거예요. 그래가지고 자연농업으로 가는 방법은 뭐냐 라고 했을 때 3장 6절, 7절 말씀입니다. 나는 심었고 아볼로는 물을 주었으되, 자라게 하신 이는 하나님이라는 말씀이에요.

3:16:39 3:6, 7, it says that I planted, and the other, Apollos, water. Turn it off. Right. He said, turn it up. And the God grew the plant. I planted... Apollos watered it, and God raised the plant.

꺼버려. 맞아.

3:17:26 So that [verse] became the growing method of natural farming farmers. That is how natural farming raised the plant, in the Bible verses. So we grew a great deal of rice. How much did we grow? Eight million pyeong. We produced this rice… [partly unclear] He did lots of farming with raising the rice plant. He was able to harvest 8,000... 8 million? 8,000 acres of rice.

그래서 그 (말씀이) 자연농업을 하는 농민들의 재배 방법이 된 거예요. 그래서 저희가 벼농사를 아주 많이 지었어요. 얼마큼 지었느냐 그러면 800만 평. 이런 쌀을 갖다가 (불명확) 생산했어요.

3:18:25 And rice has to carry a name from the one who grows it, but giving it a name that would catch people's eyes out in the world was hard. He wanted to name his crop, but he was just having trouble, what kind of name should I give? I had to name the rice, the rice I farmed, and I agonized over what to call it. Then God gave me the rice label. Then, about the rice's name, God [said]:

그리고 쌀은 생산하는 사람 이름으로 붙여야 되는데 그걸 갖다가 세상 여러 사람들 눈에 (띄게) 이름 붙이기가 어려웠어요. 쌀 이름을, 내가 농사하는 쌀 이름을 붙여야 되겠는데 무얼로 붙여야 될까 굉장히 고심을 했어요. 그런데 그 쌀 이름을 갖다가 하나님이

3:19:14 Oh, the verse from 1 Corinthians 3:6. "How about naming it after 3:6, the verse you love and read so often?" So I settled on 3:6 for the rice. So he gave the name of the rice, 3:6. So when I named the rice '3:6', it just sold like hotcakes. So he named it after the verse, 3:6, and that rice just sold like crazy.

네가 잘 좋아하고 잘 읽는 3장 6절로 지으면 어떻겠냐. 그래서 쌀 (이름을) 3장 6절로 정했어요. 그렇게 해서 쌀 이름을 3장 6절로 붙였더니 그냥 불티나게 팔리는 거야.

3:20:14 It's Chapter 3, Verse 6. The Bible, Chapter 3, Verse 6 (…) 3:6 Rice. Chapter 3, verse 6, Rice. Chapter 3, verse 6. Right. When I put that name on it, the rice all sold out, He named his rice that, and he sold out his crops. and lots of people turned up wanting to put this name on their things. He sold out. So lots of people wanted to use that name.

3장 6절입니다. 성경 3장 6절 (…) 이렇게 붙였더니 그 쌀이 다 팔리고 이 이름을 붙이겠다는 사람이 많이 생겼어요.

3:21:03 Kimchi, you know? Someone wanted to call his kimchi 'Chapter 3, Verse 6 Kimchi' (…) In Korea, lots of people eat kimchi. Then one person came to him: can I name my kimchi Samjang Yukjeol (Chapter 3, Verse 6)? 'Why do you say no?' He said no. When he asked why not, I told him: looking at your face, you're not someone who serves God, so no. So he asked him, why not? I look at your face, you don't believe in God. So I said: go to church and receive God, and then I'll give it to you. So I told him, go to church and receive Jesus, then I give you that.

김치 아니에요? 김치 이름을 3장 6절 김치로 (…) 왜 그렇게 안 된다고 그러세요? 왜 안 되냐 묻길래, 당신의 얼굴을 보니까 하나님을 섬기는 사람이 아니기 때문에 안 된다 그랬어요. 그래서 교회에 가서 하나님을 영접하고 (오면) 주겠다 (그랬어요).

3:21:55 So that's how I gave away one of my 'children' (the name). So he gave one child that way. And that's how he came to do natural farming. That's how I started natural farming. So when I spread this natural farming across the earth, I do it at the level of mission; I keep my hand on that, and that's how I'm spreading natural farming. So when I spread this natural farming, I always stay on that level, the Christian mission level, that's how he's teaching. Hallelujah!

그래서 내 자식을 (…) 줬다고 이제 그렇게 해서 자연농업을 하게 된 거예요. 그래서 저는 이 자연농업을 갖다가 지구상에 전개할 때 선교 차원에 손을 두고 자연농업을 전하고 있는 거예요. 할렐루야!

3:22:46 So I went to Africa, Tanzania, to spread this natural farming. Doing natural farming, (I went) to Tanzania in Africa. Tanzania was a British colony, so our Anglican Church had spread right across the country. The Anglican Church, it's Christian. Tanzania was under England,

자연농업을 하면서 아프리카 탄자니아에 이제 탄자니아가 영국의 식민지였기 때문에 우리 성공회가 아주 전국적으로 번져 있었습니다. 성공회, 기독교인데

3:23:40 and there are lots of Christians living in Tanzania. The priest of that Anglican church had built a small church and was holding services. And there is a little church, the priest has that church; they couldn't cover the roof yet. But because of (…), it's a church that doesn't readily take support from anyone. Because they have so much pride in that church, they don't want other people's help. They held Sunday services in a church with no roof, just the walls built up. They gathered in the church without a roof, just one wall, and they continued praying in there.

그런데 그 성공회의 신부가 교회를 조그마하게 지어놓고 (예배를) 모시고 있어. 그런데 (…) 때문에 누구 지원을 잘 받지 않는 교회예요. 그런데 예배는 주일에 드리는데 지붕이 없는, 벽만 쌓여 있는 교회에서

3:24:41 Seeing that, I felt so sorry that I had everyone who went with us empty their pockets, and the money So he felt so bad, so the ones that he went together with, his friends, he asked them to give (we collected it.) him some money and gave to them. But we mustn't hurt the priest's pride. Not yet, he didn't give it to them; he doesn't want to hurt the pride of the priest. So we'd gathered a bit of money, enough to put a roof on, and when I asked if he'd take it, he wouldn't. So he asked him: I gathered some money so you can have a roof, and tried to give it to him.

그래서 그걸 보고 안타까워서, 우리 같이 갔던 사람들한테 다 주머니를 털어가지고 돈을 (모았어요.) 그런데 그 신부님의 자존심을 건드리면 안 되잖아. 그래서 우리가 조금 돈을 모았는데, 지붕 얹을 만한 돈은 되니까, 받겠느냐 하니까 안 받는데

3:25:40 he said no I cannot receive it. So I asked: then what happens if I leave it here and go? So I said if I leave it here and then go, what are you going to do? He said they would guard it so nobody took it. I will protect it so other people cannot take it. So he left money over there. The next time I went, the roof was on. So next time I visit that church, they had a roof. How do you think they paid for it? (With that money.) So he spent that money. Because he had so much pride, he couldn't receive the heart of the helping mind;

그래서 그러면 여기다 놓고 가면 어떻게 되느냐 물었어요. 그랬더니 누가 가져가지 않게 자기들이 보호하겠다는 거예요. 그 다음에 가서 보니까 지붕이 씌워졌더라구요. 그 돈을 어떻게 썼겠어?

3:26:23 Whatever pride is, to keep it they couldn't accept the heart of the one giving. he cannot receive because of his pride. As you farm, the dreams God gives you, His grace — don't refuse it. Receiving it with thanks is the heart that lets you do natural farming. So don't (refuse), just receive. When God gives you that, while you are doing natural farming, when He gives you something, just receive.

자존심이 무엇인지, 지키려고 주는 사람의 마음을 받지 못하더라구요. 여러분들이 농사를 지으면서 하나님께서 베풀어주시는 꿈과 은혜를 거부하지 말고 감사로 받아들이는 것이 자연농업을 할 수 있는 마음이에요.