Skip to main content
← Back to Office Hours

Collecting IMO, Preserved IMO2, Propagated IMO3 Explained

Master Cho's presentation continues with IMO1 (collecting indigenous microorganisms), IMO2 (preserved seed IMO), and IMO3 (propagated IMO). Drake explains why it's better to collect from a slightly barren area rather than a nutrient-rich one—barren-area microbes are tougher and better suited to hard soil. He also covers the difference between the decomposing-fungi layer near the surface and the soil-microbe layer underneath, and recommends combining collections from your own field, a barren spot, and a rich forest, including near a "mother tree."

For IMO2, mix IMO1 with brown sugar 1:1 by weight, fill the jar two-thirds full, cover with a breathable paper lid, and ferment about seven days (two to three days in Hawaiʻi) around 25°C—honey and molasses have too much water and will activate the microbes instead of putting them to sleep. For IMO3, Stone Mason kept his pile between 110 and 115°F; going above 140°F for long selects for actinomycetes, which smell like asphalt instead of forest floor and start eating the good soil microbes. Liquid IMO2 for spraying is diluted about 1:500 by weight.

Other topics: Roundup and chemicals aren't the enemy—biochar and enough soil microbes disassemble and store the nutrients they release, so a soil with good carbon and microbial life handles chemical inputs instead of being damaged by them. Vermicomposting worms need food layers no thicker than about an inch, or the bin overheats and worms leave; Dr. Norman Arancon at UH Hilo is named as an expert. For an Earth Box that sub-irrigates from the bottom, add KNF protectors (LAB) each time so standing water doesn't rot.

Questions answered

  • 21:30 How thick should food layers be for vermicomposting worms? — No more than about an inch, or the pile heats up and worms leave; Dr. Norman Arancon at UH Hilo is an expert.
  • 33:33 How far apart should raised beds be for a KNF vs. non-KNF trial? — At least three meters, since 10 feet is a long way for fungal networks to cross in one season.
  • 34:00 Wouldn't there be more microorganisms in a nutrient-rich area? — Yes, but a barren site breeds tougher microbes suited to your actual soil, so Master Cho recommends collecting there over rich ground.
  • 35:15 Does aloe make good KNF food (FPJ)? — Yes—chop it and mix with sugar close to equal parts by weight since aloe is very juicy.
  • 41:12 Are chemicals like Roundup always bad for your soil? — No—chemicals are just concentrated nutrients; with enough biochar and microbes, your soil breaks them down and stores them instead of being harmed.
  • 49:26 Why make IMO2 (preserved seed IMO) before going on to IMO3? — The week-long sugar fermentation is a purification step that ferments out any pathogens you may have collected.
  • 56:11 Wouldn't introducing IMO straight to soil purify itself on its own? — To a degree—that's what KNF protectors do—but guiding the process deliberately works even better.
  • 57:11 What dilution rate should I use if I can't turn my IMO3 pile three times a day? — Dilute IMO2 about 1:500 by weight into your soil foundation recipe instead.
  • 59:23 My IMO3 pile hit over 140°F twice—do I throw it away? — No, it's still usable, but the longer it sits above 120°F the more it grows actinomycetes instead of your target soil microbes.
  • 1:07:54 Is IMO Master Cho's own invention? — He learned it from a couple of masters over many years; Drake isn't certain of the exact origin but has notes on it.
  • 1:08:16 What's the difference between Bokashi and IMO? — Bokashi uses effective microbes (EM)—lactobacillus, yeast, and purple non-sulfur bacteria—and can be left to run, unlike indigenous microbes.
  • 1:09:03 My Earth Box sub-irrigates from the bottom—is that a problem for KNF inputs? — No, just add KNF protectors (LAB) each time so standing water doesn't rot.

Topics: imo, imo1, imo2, imo3, seed imo, vermicomposting, roundup, biochar, lab, aloe, earthbox, bokashi

KNF Office Hours is a free live Q&A every Sunday at 9 AM HST. Bring your question to pureknf.org/learn/questions or join live.

In this episode

  1. 4:02 Intro and Welcome
  2. 4:32 I Ching Reading: Deliverance
  3. 12:04 Stone Mason's IMO Pile
  4. 16:09 IMO Bath Video With Dr. Park
  5. 21:30 Vermicomposting Worm Layers
  6. 23:09 Master Cho IMO1 Presentation
  7. 32:43 Tilling, Weeds, and Microbes
  8. 33:33 Spacing Raised Beds
  9. 34:00 Collecting IMO: Barren vs. Rich Areas
  10. 35:15 Aloe for KNF Food
  11. 35:52 Forest Depth and the Mother Tree
  12. 40:07 IMO2: Preserved Seed IMO
  13. 41:12 Chemicals, Biochar, and Roundup
  14. 44:04 Good Soil Defined
  15. 52:45 IMO3: Propagated IMO
  16. 56:00 KNF Protectors (LAB)
  17. 57:11 Dilution Rate for Liquid IMO
  18. 59:25 If IMO3 Gets Too Hot
  19. 1:08:16 Bokashi Is EM, Not IMO
  20. 1:09:03 Earth Box Solutions

Transcript

Auto-transcribed with Whisper. Click any timestamp to play from there.

Share